Postoje tri stepena prideva:
- pozitiv – young
- komparativ – younger
- superlativ – (the) youngest
Upotreba
Komparative upotrebljavamo za opisivanje ljudi i stvari:
- This car is certainly better, but it’s much more expensive.
- I’m feeling happier
- We need a bigger
Predlog than upotrebljavamo za poređenje jedne stvari ili osobe sa drugom:
- She is two years older than
- New York is much bigger than
- He is a better player than
- France is a bigger country than
Ukoliko želimo da opišemo kako se neko ili nešto menja, upotrebljavamo komparativ i veznik and:
- The balloon got bigger and bigger.
- Everything is getting more and more expensive.
- Grandfather is looking older and older.
Često upotrebljavamo komparative i određeni član (the) da bismo pokazali da jedna stvar zavisi od druge:
- When you drive faster, it is more dangerous. > The faster you drive, the more dangerous it is.
- When they climbed higher, it got colder. > The higher they climbed, the colder it got.
Superlativ izražava najveći ili najmanji stepen neke osobine u odnosu na skup osoba ili stvari. Uz pridev u superlativu najčešće koristimo određeni član (the):
- It was the happiest day of my life.
- Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
- That’s the best film I have seen this year.
- I have three sisters, Jan is the oldest and Angela is the youngest.
Građenje
Kod jednosložnih i nekih dvosložnih prideva komparativ se gradi dodavanjem sufiksa –er, a superlativ dodatkom sufiksa –est:
- young – younger – the youngest
Kod pridevi koji se završavaju na –y ispred kojeg se nalazi suglasnik, –y se menja u –i:
- happy – happier – the happiest
Kod jednosložnih pridevi sa kratkim samoglasnikom, poslednji suglasnik se duplira:
- big – bigger – biggest
- hot – hotter – the hottest
Komparativ višesložnih prideva gradi se pomoću priloga more, a superlativ pomoću priloga most:
- interesting – more interesting – the most interesting
Poređenje po jednakosti znači da dva subjekta u istoj meri poseduju neku osobinu. U tu svrhu koristimo as … as:
- Mary is as beautiful as her sister. (Meri je lepa kao njena sestra.)
Neki pridevi i prilozi porede se nepravilno:
- good – better – the best
- bad – worse – the worst
- little – less – the least
- much/many – more – the most
Superlative of beautiful
the most beautiful 🙂